Browse

Government

Black consonant letters from the Ge'ez script against a white background. There are 26 letters in three rows.
Source

Ge'ez Script

Ge’ez script is a script used in modern-day Eritrea and Ethiopia that dates back to the 1st century CE.

A blue, circular icon with an image of a document in the center. Underneath are the words "view document"
Source

Al-Umari’s Account of Mansa Musa’s Visit to Cairo

Mansa Musa was the leader of the Mali empire in the fourteenth century and reportedly the wealthiest person – allegedly ever. The empire covered modern-day Mali and parts of Guinea, Senegal, Mauritania, and the Gambia, and Mansa Musa expanded the territorial claim to include Gao and Timbuktu.

A large, earthen mound covered in grass set against a blue sky. The mound has stairs with people using them.
Source

Poverty Point in Louisiana, United States

Poverty Point is a prehistoric earthenwork site featuring mounds, ridges, and a ceremonial plaza located in northeastern Louisiana, United States.

A large, earthen mound covered in grass set against a blue sky. The mound has stairs with people using them.
Source

The Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site

The Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site is an archaeological site of a pre-Columbian Native American city located in southwestern Illinois, near St. Louis, Missouri.

The edge of a counter with a man's shoulder and lettering in detail.
Source

Early Modern Counter

An early modern counter of the "Reichenmaster" style, with one side showing a picture of a man using a counting board and the other side showing the alphabet. These counters were used in classrooms to teach students both to read and perform basic arithmetic.

A man sits in front of a counting board with a pile of counters in front of him and a counter in one hand.
Source

Engraving of a Rechentisch (Counting Board)

This image of an engraving depicts a man using a rechentisch, or counting board, the earliest known counting device and a precursor the abacus. The earliest known counting board is the Salamis Tablet, dating from 300 BCE, but may have been used more for gaming than for calculating.

A green background with counters on a counting board.
Methods

History of Pre-Modern Math

Before the widespread adoption of Arabic numerals, medieval and early modern Europeans added, subtracted, multiplied, and divided using a type of abacus known as a counting board and only afterwards recorded the results of their ca

A table with popular world development indicators for four Caribbean countries dating from 1972, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020.
Teaching

Economic Diplomacy in the Caribbean Since the Second World War

Economic affairs are an essential part of world history and, even more so, in contemporary times after World War II, when globalization processes with higher levels of interdependency and proximity among individuals and countries are increasingly observed.

The red cover of the treaty, which reads "Economic Integration: The O.E.C.S. Experience." The top center has a circular symbol with triangles and waves that reads "OECS." In the bottom left it reads "Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) Central Secretariat St. Lucia March 1988."
Source

OECS Treaty Publication Fragments

The OECS published in 1988 a booklet explaining the treaty that founded it (OECS 1988). A fragment is included in the photos here.

A blue, circular icon with an image of a document in the center. Underneath are the words "view document"
Source

Transcript of the Treaty of Basseterre of 1981

To capture the diplomatic side of Caribbean economic history from the point of view of the governments, official documents describing economic policies, joint strategies, and related decision-making processes in the Caribbean