Social Structure
The Village of Jeewah Moocuddum near Rania
This painting, entitled The village of Jeewah Moocuddum near Rania: William Fraser’s circle of village folk, his white stallion, and progeny, is one of many paintings comprising the Fraser Album.
Akbar II in darbar with the British Resident Charles Metcalfe
Attributed to the Mughal court artist, Ghulam Murtaza Khan (active 1809–30), this painting depicts British Resident Charles Metcalfe (1785-1846) in attendance at the court of Akbar II, who ruled Mughal India from 1806-37.
Pieter Cnoll, Batavian Senior Merchant
Painted by Jacob Coeman in 1665, this painting depicts Pieter Cnoll, his Eurasian wife Cornelia van Nijenrode, their two daughters, and two enslaved servants.
The Palmer Family
Painted by Francesco Renaldi in 1786, The Palmer Family depicts Major William Palmer (seated in the center) surrounded by his two bibis, children, and female servants. Bibis are common-law wives of British men in India. Seated to Palmer's left is Bibi Faiz Bakhsh.